LOT / Treasure, World, U.S. Coin & Paper Money Auc... / SPAIN Al-Andalus Umayyad Governors AR dirham AH1...

1305

SPAIN Al-Andalus Umayyad Governors AR dirham AH110 al Andalus NGC AU58 rare ex Tonegawa Frochoso

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SPAIN (Al-Andalus), Umayyads, Governors (dependent emirate of Damascus), AR dirham, post-reform type of Abd al Malik, AH110 (728 AD), mint of al Andalus الأندلس, extremely rare, NGC AU 58, ex-Tonegawa, Frochoso Plate.

Vives-25; Frochoso-1.2 (this coin). 2.91 grams. Lightly toned, with lustrous interiors and fully readable inscriptions.

The earliest Islamic coinage struck in Arabia closely followed the monetary models of the Byzantine and Sasanian empires. A major reform was introduced by the Umayyad caliph Abd al Malik in the late 7th century AD, transforming both the design and ideological function of Islamic coinage. The dirham emerged as a fully epigraphic type, eliminating figural imagery and establishing the characteristic Islamic monetary model. Its inscriptions consist primarily of religious formulas derived from the Qur’an, rendered in Kufic script, with the selected verses varying according to the intended message. Circular marginal inscriptions provide key administrative information, including mint and date of issue. Islamic coinage thus functioned not only as an instrument of economic exchange but also as a medium of ideological communication and state authority. Through their inscriptions, these coins disseminated core religious formulas of Islam while simultaneously proclaiming the legitimacy of the issuing authority, whether caliph, emir, or delegated governor.

In 711 Islam entered Hispania, initiating a rapid political and administrative transformation that included the adoption of the Islamic monetary system and the renaming of the territory as al Andalus. After a short period during which gold issues of Byzantine tradition circulated, the epigraphic dirham established under Abd al Malik was adopted as the principal silver denomination. Its typology remained remarkably stable, consistently preserving its purely epigraphic character. Islamic authority quickly consolidated in the peninsula under an emirate dependent on Damascus, with its capital at Córdoba, a phase commonly referred to in numismatics as the Period of the Governors.

The typological structure of these dirhams is essentially fixed. In Islamic numismatic terminology the obverse, designated First Area (IA), contains the Islamic profession of faith affirming the unity of God. The reverse, designated Second Area (IIA), records the prophetic mission of Muhammad.

Obverse (IA)
Central inscription:
لا اله الا
الله وحده
لا شرك له
There is no god but God alone / He has no partner
Marginal inscription:
بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بالأندلس سنة عشرة ومئة
In the name of God. This dirham was struck in al Andalus in the year one hundred and ten.

Reverse (IIA)
Central inscription:
الله احد الله
الصمد لم يلد و
لم يولد و لم يكن
له كفوا احد
God is One, God is eternal. He neither begets nor is begotten, and there is none equal to Him.
Marginal inscription:
محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون
Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to make it prevail over all religions, even though the polytheists may dislike it. NGC #8437663-001. Pedigreed to the Tonegawa Collection (stated on label), Auction III (Aureo & Calicó 453, June 2025, lot 7), and plated in El Dirham Andalusí en el Emirato de Córdoba (2009), by Rafael Frochoso Sánchez. If Tax Number is requested and supplied, buyer will be exempt from paying tax on his invoice. (FLORIDA) NOTE: Read the terms and conditions or contact us regarding possible tax collection outside of Florida.

Taxes:

Tax	Rate	Desc.
FSTA	6.75%	Florida Sales Tax - Alachua
FSTB	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Baker
FSTB	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Bay
FSTB	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Bradford
FSTB	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Brevard
FSTB	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Broward
FSTC	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Calhoun
FSTC	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Charlotte
FSTC	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Citrus
FSTC	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Clay
FSTC	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Collier
FSTC	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Columbia
FSTD	7%	Florida Sales Tax - De Soto
FSTD	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Dixie
FSTD	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Duval
FSTE	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Escambia
FSTF	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Flagler
FSTF	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Franklin
FSTG	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Gadsden
FSTG	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Gilchrist
FSTG	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Glades
FSTG	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Gulf
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Hamilton
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Hardee
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Hendry
FSTH	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Hernando
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Highlands
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Hillsborough
FSTH	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Holmes
FSTI	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Indian River
FSTJ	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Jackson
FSTJ	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Jefferson
FSTJ	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Lafayette
FSTL	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Lake
FSTL	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Lee
FSTL	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Leon
FSTL	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Levy
FSTL	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Liberty
FSTM	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Madison
FSTM	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Manatee
FSTM	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Marion
FSTM	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Martin
FSTM	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Miami-Dade
FSTM	7.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Monroe
FSTN	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Nassau
FSTO	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Okaloosa
FSTO	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Okeechobee
FSTO	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Orange
FSTO	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Osceola
FSTP	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Palm Beach
FSTP	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Pasco
FSTP	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Pinellas
FSTP	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Polk
FSTP	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Putnam
FSTS	6%	Florida Sales Tax - Saint Johns
FSTS	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Santa Rosa
FSTS	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Seminole
FSTS	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Sumter
FSTS	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Suwannee
FSTT	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Taylor
FSTU	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Union
FSTV	6.5%	Florida Sales Tax - Volusia
FSTW	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Wakulla
FSTW	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Walton
FSTW	7%	Florida Sales Tax - Washington

Buyer's Premiums:

From (Incl.)	To (Excl.)	Premium
0.00	Infinite	20%

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This lot is part of the auction: Treasure, World, U.S. Coin & Paper Money Auction 39 Back To Catalog Listing

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From (Incl.)	To (Excl.)	Increment
0.00	50.00	2.00
50.00	100.00	5.00
100.00	200.00	10.00
200.00	300.00	20.00
300.00	500.00	25.00
500.00	1,000.00	50.00
1,000.00	2,000.00	100.00
2,000.00	3,000.00	200.00
3,000.00	5,000.00	250.00
5,000.00	10,000.00	500.00
10,000.00	20,000.00	1,000.00
20,000.00	30,000.00	2,000.00
30,000.00	50,000.00	2,500.00
50,000.00	100,000.00	5,000.00
100,000.00	200,000.00	10,000.00
200,000.00	300,000.00	20,000.00
300,000.00	500,000.00	25,000.00
500,000.00	Infinite	50,000.00

LOT / Treasure, World, U.S. Coin & Paper Money Auc... / SPAIN Al-Andalus Umayyad Governors AR dirham AH1...

SPAIN Al-Andalus Umayyad Governors AR dirham AH110 al Andalus NGC AU58 rare ex Tonegawa Frochoso

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